Planetary Boundaries and the Doughnut frameworks: A review of their local operability

The concept of Planetary Boundaries has sparked debate around tipping points and the limits Earth System for over a decade. Among most investigated aspects is how to downscale this global country level, make it operative at scales which decisions are taken policies applied. Specifically achieve applicability locally while keeping relevance, however, remains unclear. same true "Doughnut" concept, builds on framework adds social component create "Safe Just Operating Space" (SJOS) within humanity should live. This paper reviews these two concepts in detail, focusing their local operability. Synthesis literature reveals that, during downscaling process, either meaning or characteristics lost. Further, SJOS very theoretical because match does not exist between components Doughnut. Identification problem therefore suggests that future work calculate globally each ecosystem first, then them by country. In way, relevance would hold, could apply policies. Furthermore, services link with Doughnut, hence contribute understanding why lies outside SJOS.